Air compressors are one of the most important energy consuming devices in all industrial activity and are primarily classified into two types. The classification is based on the composition and function of operation.
There are two main classifications of air compressors: 01) Positive Displacement Type 02) Dynamic Type. You will get each type of description from the description below. 01) Positive displacement type air compressor. A positive displacement type compressors are those that mechanically displaces a certain amount of air into a reduced volume. A constant volume can be supplied by the compressor while operating at a fixed speed. The pressure of the discharge is determined by the loading conditions of the system. When the air consumption is high, the discharge pressure drops below the cut-off pressure and the compressor operates under load. This type of air compressor is additionally classified as: A) Reciprocating air compressor. In this type, compressed air is created by moving a piston back and forth inside a cylinder (compression chamber). Each movement compresses a certain amount of free air under a specific pressure. Single-stage, two-stage or multi-stage and single or double acting are additional classification of reciprocating air compressors. The vertical type air compressor is used to supply compressed air in the range of 50 to 150 degrees Celsius. f. m, and the type of horizontal scale is best suitable for applications range from 200 to 5000 c. f. m. B) Rotary air compressor. In this type, the air is compressed by two rotating or interlocking rotors. Depending on the type of configuration, rotary compressors can be further classified as (a) Rotary screw compressors and (b) Rotary vane compressors. (a) Rotary screw compressor. The air is compressed between the two rotating screws (external and internal screw) and the housing. Compression took place by gradually reducing the space between these two parts. (b) Rotary vane compressor. The air is compressed with the help of a movable rotor blade between the housing and the rotating rotor. Air compressors of this type can be further classified as a single-stage or two-stage rotary air compressors. 02) Dynamic type compressor. Dynamic type air compressors mechanically transmit speed to the air. This energy is provided by the rotors that rotate at high speed, in a closed housing. The air is forced into an increasingly reduced volume. The volumetric flow rate will change in inverse proportional to the differential pressure in the compressor. Compressors of this type are further classified as (a) Centrifugal air compressors (b) Axial flow air compressors (c) Root blower compressors. A) Centrifugal air compressor. In a centrifugal air compressor, the impeller is mounted on an axle and placed inside the housing that consists of an inlet duct, a scroll and a diffuser. The speed into the air can be transmitted by the high-speed rotation of the impeller. A diffuser surrounds the impeller and serves to convert the kinetic energy of the air into potential energy at high pressure levels. B) An axial air compressor. The Axial Flow Type Air Compressor is essentially a high-volume, high-speed machine with very different characteristics than a centrifugal air compressor. Each step consists of two rows of blades, one row rotates and the next row is stationery. The rotor blade transfers speed and pressure to the air as the motor rotates, and the speed is converted to the pressure of the stationery blade. C) Roots blower compressor. This type is commonly referred to as a blower. The exhaust air pressure received by this type of machine is very low. A discharge pressure of 1 bar can be achieved from the single stage and the pressure of 2 bar in a two-stage operation. Discharge pressure received by two rotors that have separate parallel axes and rotate in opposite directions. This is an example of a double displacement compressor of a rotary air compressor.
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AuthorThe Parth Enterprise was established in the year 1998 as a manufacturer of Reciprocating Air Compressors / Vacuum Pumps and Spares / Accessories of Air Compressor. Archives
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